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Grenada

Parliamentary Democracy Under A Constitutional MonarchyPop117KGDP (PPP)$2.1BCI66BetaCP0.0Beta
Some figures reconciled across multiple sources via Civica's methodology (v0.2 BETA). Methodology →

Overview

Background
The indigenous Carib people inhabited Grenada when Christopher COLUMBUS landed on the island in 1498, but it remained uncolonized for more than a century. The French settled Grenada in the 17th century, established sugar estates, and imported large numbers of African slaves. Britain took the island in 1762 and vigorously expanded sugar production. In the 19th century, cacao eventually surpassed sugar as the main export crop; in the 20th century, nutmeg became the leading export. In 1967, Britain gave Grenada autonomy over its internal affairs. Full independence was attained in 1974, making Grenada one of the smallest independent countries in the Western Hemisphere. In 1979, a leftist New Jewel Movement seized power under Maurice BISHOP, ushering in the Grenada Revolution. On 19 October 1983, factions within the revolutionary government overthrew and killed BISHOP and members of his party. Six days later, US forces and those of six other Caribbean nations intervened, quickly capturing the ringleaders and their hundreds of Cuban advisers. Rule of law was restored, and democratic elections were reinstituted the following year and have continued since.

Geography

Area

Land
344 sq km
Water
0 sq km
Total
344 sq km
Climate
tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds
Terrain
volcanic in origin with central mountains

Land Use

Other
24.4% (2023 est.)
Forest
52.1% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land
23.5% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 8.8% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 11.8% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 2.9% (2023 est.)
Location
Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Coastline
121 km

Elevation

Lowest point
Caribbean Sea 0 m
Highest point
Mount Saint Catherine 840 m
Irrigated land
20 sq km (2012)
Map references
Central America and the Caribbean

Land Boundaries

Total
0 km

Maritime Claims

Territorial sea
12 nm
Exclusive economic zone
200 nm
Natural hazards
lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November

volcanism: Mount Saint Catherine (840 m) is on the island of Grenada; Kick 'em Jenny, an active submarine volcano (seamount) on the Caribbean Sea floor, lies about 8 km (5 mi) north of Grenada; these two volcanoes are at the southern end of the volcanic island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends to the Dutch dependency of Saba in the north
Natural resources
timber, tropical fruit
Area comparative
twice the size of Washington, D.C.
Geographic coordinates
12 07 N, 61 40 W
Population distribution
approximately one third of the population is found in the capital of St. George's; the island's population is concentrated along the coast

People & Society

Languages
English (official), French patois
Religions
Protestant 49.2% (includes Pentecostal 17.2%, Seventh Day Adventist 13.2%, Anglican 8.5%, Baptist 3.2%, Church of God 2.4%, Evangelical 1.9%, Methodist 1.6%, other 1.2%), Roman Catholic 36%, Jehovah's Witness 1.2%, Rastafarian 1.2%, other 5.5%, none 5.7%, unspecified 1.3% (2011 est.)

Sex Ratio

At birth
1.1 male(s)/female
0 14 years
1.09 male(s)/female
15 64 years
1.04 male(s)/female
Total population
1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.9 male(s)/female
Birth rate
13 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
8.41 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Median Age

Male
35.2 years
Total
35.9 years (2025 est.)
Female
35.7 years

Population

Male
58,168
Total
114,621 (2024 est.)
Female
56,453

Nationality

Noun
Grenadian(s)
Adjective
Grenadian

Urbanization

Urban population
37.1% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization
0.86% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Age Structure

0 14 years
21.9% (male 13,095/female 12,003)
15 64 years
65.3% (male 38,129/female 36,726)
65 years and over
12.8% (2024 est.) (male 6,944/female 7,724)
Ethnic groups
African descent 82.4%, mixed 13.3%, East Indian 2.2%, other 1.3%, unspecified 0.9% (2011 est.)

Dependency Ratios

Total dependency ratio
53.1 (2024 est.)
Youth dependency ratio
33.5 (2024 est.)
Potential support ratio
5.1 (2024 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio
19.6 (2024 est.)
Physician density
1.38 physicians/1,000 population (2018)

Health Expenditure

Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
5.7% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
6.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
-2.16 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
3.2 beds/1,000 population (2018 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.89 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Education Expenditure

Education expenditure (% GDP)
5.1% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
11.4% national budget (2025 est.)

Infant Mortality Rate

Male
8.6 deaths/1,000 live births
Total
8.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
Female
9.5 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
0.24% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.9 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
approximately one third of the population is found in the capital of St. George's; the island's population is concentrated along the coast

Life Expectancy at Birth

Male
73.7 years
Female
79.1 years
Total population
76.3 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
48 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Alcohol Consumption Per Capita

Beer
3.54 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine
0.56 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Total
8.62 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits
4.21 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols
0.31 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas population
39,000 SAINT GEORGE'S (capital) (2018)
Obesity adult prevalence rate
21.3% (2016)

School Life Expectancy (Primary to Tertiary Education)

Male
17 years (2018 est.)
Total
18 years (2018 est.)
Female
18 years (2018 est.)

Government

Civica · structure

How power is organised

Head of StateCharles IIIExecutive of GrenadacabinetSenateUpper chamber · 13 seatsHouse of RepresentativesLower chamber · 15 seatsHead of GovernmentDickon Mitchell
ExecutiveLegislative
Flag
description: a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and bottom) and green triangles (left and right), with a wide red border around the flag; three five-pointed yellow stars are centered on the top and bottom of the red border, with one larger yellow star on a red disk at the center of the flag; a small yellow-and-red nutmeg pod is on the left triangle

meaning: the seven stars stand for the country's administrative divisions, with the central star symbolizing the capital, St. George's; yellow stands for the sun and the warmth of the people, green for vegetation and agriculture, and red for harmony, unity, and courage

Capital

Name
Saint George's
Etymology
originally named Ville de Fort Royal (Fort Royal Town), the name was changed to Saint George's Town in 1764, in honor of the patron saint of England, when the English took over Grenada from the French; the name was eventually shortened to Saint George's
Time difference
UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Geographic coordinates
12 03 N, 61 45 W
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal

Citizenship

Citizenship BY birth
yes
Citizenship BY descent only
yes
Dual citizenship recognized
yes
Residency requirement for naturalization
7 years for persons from a non-Caribbean state and 4 years for a person from a Caribbean state

Constitution

History
previous 1967; latest presented 19 December 1973, effective 7 February 1974, suspended 1979 following a revolution but restored in 1983
Amendment process
proposed by either house of Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote by the membership in both houses and assent of the governor general; passage of amendments to constitutional sections, such as personal rights and freedoms, the structure, authorities, and procedures of the branches of government, the delimitation of electoral constituencies, or the procedure for amending the constitution, also requires two-thirds majority approval in a referendum

Country Name

Etymology
origin of the name remains obscure; some sources attribute the designation to Spanish influence (most likely named for the Spanish city of Granada); in Spanish granada means "pomegranate"
Conventional long form
none
Conventional short form
Grenada
Independence
7 February 1974 (from the UK)
Legal system
common law based on English model
Government type
parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm

Judicial Branch

Note
note: appeals beyond the ECSC in civil and criminal matters are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)
Highest court(s)
regionally, the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC is headquartered on St. Lucia and consists of the Court of Appeal -- headed by the chief justice and 4 judges -- and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal travels to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts 
Subordinate courts
magistrates' courts; Court of Magisterial Appeals
Judge selection and term of office
chief justice of Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court appointed by the British monarch; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission, and independent body of judicial officials; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62

Executive Branch

Cabinet
Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
Chief of state
King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General Cecile LA GRENADE (since 7 May 2013)
Head of government
Prime Minister Dickon MITCHELL (since 24 June 2022)
Election/appointment process
the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister
National holiday
Independence Day, 7 February (1974)
National color(s)
red, yellow, green
Political parties
National Democratic Congress or NDC
New National Party or NNP

Legislative Branch

Legislature name
Parliament
Legislative structure
bicameral

National Anthem(s)

Title
"God Save the King"
History
royal anthem, as a Commonwealth country
Lyrics/music
unknown
National symbol(s)
Grenada dove, bougainvillea flower
National coat of arms
Grenada’s coat of arms shows Grand Etang Lake, a crater lake on the volcano that formed Grenada; in the center of the shield is Christopher Columbus’s ship, the Santa Maria, which landed on the island in 1498; the gold cross dividing the shield, the two Madonna lilies, and the national motto signal the importance of religion; two lions symbolize past UK rule (1762-1974), as well as Grenada’s current status as a Commonwealth country; the corn stalk and banana plant represent agriculture; the armadillo and Grenada dove next to the shield are native to the island, and the roses in the bougainvillea flower garland represent Grenada’s seven communities
Administrative divisions
6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou and Petite Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick

Legislative Branch Lower Chamber

Chamber name
House of Representatives
Term in office
5 years
Number of seats
15 (all directly elected)
Electoral system
plurality/majority
Scope of elections
full renewal
Most recent election date
6/23/2022
Expected date of next election
June 2027
Percentage of women in chamber
31.3%
Parties elected and seats per party
National Democratic Congress (NDC) (9); New National Party (NNP) (6)

Legislative Branch Upper Chamber

Chamber name
Senate
Term in office
5 years
Number of seats
13 (all appointed)
Scope of elections
full renewal
Most recent election date
8/31/2022
Expected date of next election
August 2027
Percentage of women in chamber
30.8%

Diplomatic Representation in the US

Fax
[1] (202) 265-2468
Chancery
1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
Telephone
[1] (202) 265-2561
Chief of mission
Ambassador Tarlie FRANCIS (since 15 September 2023)
Consulate(s) general
Miami, New York
Email address and website

embassy@grenadaembassyusa.org

https://grenadaembassyusa.org/

Diplomatic Representation from the US

Fax
[1] (473) 444-4820
Embassy
Lance-aux-Epines, Saint George's
Telephone
[1] (473) 444-1173
Mailing address
3180 Grenada Place, Washington DC  20521-3180
Chief of mission
the US does not have an official embassy in Grenada; the Chargé d’Affaires to Barbados, Karin B. SULLIVAN, is accredited to Grenada
Email address and website

StgeorgesACS@state.gov

https://bb.usembassy.gov/embassy/grenada/
International organisations
ACP, ACS, AOSIS, CARIFORUM, CARIBCAN, Caricom, CBI, CDB, CELAC, CSME, ECCU, EPA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, ITUC, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Legislature

GRENADA · LOWER HOUSE

House of Representatives

15 seats · hover a seat for the party
ROSTRUMMAJORITY 9
Total seats
15
Majority line
9
Largest party
Parties
GRENADA · UPPER HOUSE

Senate

13 seats · hover a seat for the party
ROSTRUMMAJORITY 8
Total seats
13
Majority line
8
Largest party
Parties

Leaders

Current

  • Charles III

    • Head of StateSince 2022
  • Dickon Mitchell

    • Head of GovernmentSince 2022

Economy

Budget

Note
note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Revenues
$288.404 million (2017 est.)
Expenditures
$222.475 million (2017 est.)

Exports

Civica canonical (reconciled)
$706.195 million (2022 est.)
Note
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports 2022
$706.195 million (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$828.529 million (2023 est.)
Exports 2024
$858.949 million (2024 est.)

Imports

Civica canonical (reconciled)
$785.022 million (2022 est.)
Note
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports 2022
$785.022 million (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$924.688 million (2023 est.)
Imports 2024
$990.587 million (2024 est.)
Industries
food and beverages, textiles, light assembly operations, tourism, construction, education, call-center operations

Public Debt

Civica canonical (reconciled)
82% of GDP (2016 est.)
Public debt 2016
82% of GDP (2016 est.)

Remittances

Note
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2022
5.1% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
5.3% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2024
5% of GDP (2024 est.)

Exchange Rates

Currency
East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
2.7 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
2.7 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
2.7 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
2.7 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
2.7 (2024 est.)

Debt External

Note
note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Debt external 2023
$501.371 million (2023 est.)
Economic overview
small OECS service-based economy; large tourism, construction, transportation, and education sectors; major spice exporter; shrinking but still high public debt; vulnerable to hurricanes; emerging blue economy incentives
Exports partners
USA 24%, Antigua & Barbuda 13%, St. Vincent & the Grenadines 8%, Dominica 6%, Trinidad & Tobago 5% (2023)
Imports partners
USA 37%, Trinidad & Tobago 13%, Cayman Islands 10%, China 4%, UK 3% (2023)

Real GDP Per Capita

Civica canonical (reconciled)
$20,178
Note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022
$16,400 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$17,100 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$17,700 (2024 est.)

Real GDP Growth Rate

Civica canonical (reconciled)
4.0%
Note
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022
7.3% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
4.7% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
3.7% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
sugarcane, coconuts, eggs, vegetables, fruits, bananas, plantains, grapefruits, avocados, mangoes/guavas (2023)
Exports commodities
nutmeg/cardamons, fish, wheat flours, frozen fruits and nuts, aqueous paints (2023)
Imports commodities
refined petroleum, cars, poultry, ships, plastic products (2023)

Current Account Balance

Civica canonical (reconciled)
-$295.8M
Note
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Current account balance 2022
-$148.445 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023
-$243.473 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024
-$270.771 million (2024 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$1.391 billion (2024 est.)
Population below poverty line
25% (2018 est.)

Inflation Rate (Consumer Prices)

Civica canonical (reconciled)
1.1%
Note
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
2.6% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
2.7% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
1.1% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
2.9% (2024 est.)

Real GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

Civica canonical (reconciled)
$2.08 billion (2024 est.)
Note
note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$1.916 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$2.005 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$2.08 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Note
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$371.767 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$404.13 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$423.263 million (2024 est.)

GDP Composition, BY Sector of Origin

Note
note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Industry
14.8% (2024 est.)
Services
65.2% (2024 est.)
Agriculture
2.7% (2024 est.)

Household Income or Consumption BY Percentage Share

Note
note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Lowest 10%
2.1% (2018 est.)
Highest 10%
33.7% (2018 est.)

Gini Index Coefficient Distribution of Family Income

Note
note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gini index coefficient distribution of family income 2018
43.8 (2018 est.)

Energy

Coal

Imports
1 metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum

Refined petroleum consumption
2,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Electricity

Consumption
221.453 million kWh (2023 est.)
Installed generating capacity
60,000 kW (2023 est.)
Transmission/distribution losses
18 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity Access

Electrification total population
94.2% (2022 est.)

Energy Consumption Per Capita

Total energy consumption per capita 2023
41.703 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Electricity Generation Sources

Wind
0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Solar
1.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Fossil fuels
98.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Communications

Internet Users

Percent of population
74% (2023 est.)
Broadcast media
multiple publicly and privately owned TV and radio stations; state-owned Grenada Information Service (GIS) provides TV and radio; the Grenada Broadcasting Network, jointly owned by the government and the Caribbean Communications Network of Trinidad and Tobago, operates a TV station and 2 radio stations; multi-channel cable TV subscription service is provided by Columbus Communications Grenada (FLOW GRENADA); approximately 25 private radio stations (2019)
Internet country code
.gd

Telephones Fixed Lines

Total subscriptions
17,000 (2022 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
14 (2022 est.)

Telephones Mobile Cellular

Total subscriptions
112,000 (2022 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
81 (2021 est.)

Broadband Fixed Subscriptions

Total
35,000 (2022 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
30 (2022 est.)

Transport

Ports

Large
0
Small
1
Medium
0
Key ports
St. George's
Very small
0
Total ports
1 (2024)
Ports with oil terminals
1
Airports
2 (2025)

Merchant Marine

Total
6 (2023)
BY type
general cargo 3, other 3
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
J3

Environment

Climate
tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds

Land Use

Other
24.4% (2023 est.)
Forest
52.1% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land
23.5% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 8.8% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 11.8% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 2.9% (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Urban population
37.1% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization
0.86% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Waste and Recycling

Municipal solid waste generated annually
29,500 tons (2024 est.)
Percent of municipal solid waste recycled
15.1% (2022 est.)
Environmental issues
deforestation causing habitat and species loss; coastal erosion and contamination; pollution and sedimentation; inadequate solid waste management

Total Water Withdrawal

Municipal
12 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Industrial
0 cubic meters (2022 est.)
Agricultural
2.1 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Total emissions
348,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids
348,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
10.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Total renewable water resources
200 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

International Environmental Agreements

Party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
Signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements

Military & Security

Military note
Grenada joined the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) in 1985; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Guyana, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2025)
Military and security forces
no regular military forces; the Royal Grenada Police Force (under the Ministry of National Security) includes a Coast Guard and a paramilitary Special Services Unit (2025)

Transnational Issues

Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons

Idps
383 (2024 est.)

Scores & Rankings

ScoreValueGlobal rankTrendAs of
Civica Index66.0 / 100as of 2024-Q453 / 1902024-Q4
Freedom House StatusPartly Free (92/100)as of 2024-Q42024-Q4
Press Freedom (RSF)Partly free (50/100)as of 20242024

Cite this page

Cite this pageAPA · BibTeX · Chicago · JSON
Civica. (2026). Civica Atlas — Grenada — vintage 2026-Q1: Grenada factbook. Civica Atlas. Retrieved May 7, 2026, from https://civicaatlas.org/factbook/grenada
Sources: FAO FAOSTAT, IMF (WEO), UN Statistics Division, UNDP HDR, UNESCO Institute for Statistics, WHO Global Health Observatory, World Bank, WTO Stats, CIA World Factbook, Wikidata